Testing I2C on cyclone 2 board

Hareesh M. OP (Company: Mindteck) #5644574
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Hi Guys,

I need suggestion from you,

I have written code for I2C read and write, But i don't know i how can 
test the code on Cyclone ii ep2c20484c7 board. I tried to set up a 
eeprom ic on bread board. In that set up i am not able to identify 
whether the READ or WRITE are happened or not.

Please give me a suggestion to test my code. Buying an I2C slave device 
is a last option for me. So suggest me something else.

Thanks & Regards,
Hareesh.
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Lothar M. Moderator (Company: Titel) #5644653
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Hareesh M. wrote:
> Please give me a suggestion to test my code.
First step is to setup a simulation without any hardware. When this is 
working you can turn over to real life...

> In that set up i am not able to identify whether the READ or WRITE are
> happened or not.
How did you find that out? What does the logic analyzer say? Does the 
timing on that look OK?
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Hareesh M. OP (Company: Mindteck) #5644670
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Lothar M. wrote:
> Hareesh M. wrote:
>> Please give me a suggestion to test my code.
> First step is to setup a simulation without any hardware. When this is
> working you can turn over to real life...

 when i simulated the code in modelsim the waveforms looked fine.
>
>> In that set up i am not able to identify whether the READ or WRITE are
>> happened or not.
> How did you find that out? What does the logic analyzer say? Does the
> timing on that look OK?

But to verify the waveform i need to get the ack from slave right?


i have attached the modelsim waveform for your reference. It is write 
operation
Slave address: 0X53
Data : 0XAA
Attached files:
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Lothar M. Moderator (Company: Titel) #5644755
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Hareesh M. wrote:
> But to verify the waveform i need to get the ack from slave right?
No. Then you will see the master sending the first bits and you will 
also see how the slave responds (is there an ACK or not?). And even so 
you will see, whether the bus timing is correct or not.

BTW: your SDA line seems to change at the very same time with the SCL 
falling edge. Better would be to keep the SDA stable a little bit longer 
than SCL, so changes in SDA occur only while SCL is low.
See there chapter 2.3.1:
http://www.ti.com/lit/an/scaa106/scaa106.pdf
And overall see the I2C spec:
https://www.nxp.com/docs/en/user-guide/UM10204.pdf
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Hareesh M. OP (Company: Mindteck) #5645618
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Lothar M. wrote:
> Hareesh M. wrote:
>> But to verify the waveform i need to get the ack from slave right?
> No. Then you will see the master sending the first bits and you will
> also see how the slave responds (is there an ACK or not?). And even so
> you will see, whether the bus timing is correct or not.
>
> BTW: your SDA line seems to change at the very same time with the SCL
> falling edge. Better would be to keep the SDA stable a little bit longer
> than SCL, so changes in SDA occur only while SCL is low.

i got your point, but the thing is im using case statement for fsm. I am 
not getting the idea for that.
> See there chapter 2.3.1:
> http://www.ti.com/lit/an/scaa106/scaa106.pdf
> And overall see the I2C spec:
> https://www.nxp.com/docs/en/user-guide/UM10204.pdf
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Hareesh M. OP (Company: Mindteck) #5646702
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Lothar M. wrote:
> Whats that attachment?
> Pls attach a VHDL file. Or severeal VHDL files. But no zip file or
> whatsoever.

1
Library ieee;

2
use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;

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use ieee.std_logic_arith.all;

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--use ieee.numeric_std.all;

5


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entity i2c_read_write is

7
    

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    generic ( 

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            address : std_logic_vector(0 to 7):="10100110";

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            data    : std_logic_vector(0 to 7):="10101010"

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          );  

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  port(

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      i_inclk    : in std_logic; --Input clock 50mhz

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      i_reset    : in std_logic; --Reset 

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      start_bit   : out std_logic;

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      ledred    : out std_logic_vector(7 downto 0):=(others =>'0');

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      o_scl      : out std_logic; --I2C SCL line

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      io_sda    : inout std_logic:='Z' --I2C SDA line

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    );

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end i2c_read_write;

26


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architecture model of i2c_read_write is

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  type states is(i2c_idle,i2c_start,i2c_sendaddress,i2c_sendaddress_0,i2c_sendaddress_1,i2c_addressack,i2c_addressack_0,i2c_addressack_1,i2c_data,i2c_senddata,i2c_senddata_0,i2c_dataack,i2c_dataack_0,i2c_dataack_1,i2c_dataack_2,i2c_stop,i2c_stop_0,i2c_stop_1,i2c_stop_2,i2c_stop_3);

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  signal i2c_state : states:=i2c_idle;

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  signal scl_line  : std_logic;

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  signal sda_line  : std_logic;

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  signal slave_address : std_logic_vector(0 to 7):=(others =>'0');

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  signal data_bytes  : std_logic_vector(0 to 7):=(others =>'0');

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  signal index_address  : integer range 0 to 7:=0;

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  signal index_data  : integer range 0 to 7:=0;

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  signal speed_counter : integer:=0;

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  signal i2c_tic  : std_logic:='1';

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  signal stop_bit : std_logic:='0';

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  signal slaveack : std_logic:='1';

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  signal dataack  : std_logic:='1';

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begin

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  slave_address <= address;

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  data_bytes <= data;

59
  

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  process(i_inclk)

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  begin

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    if(rising_edge(i_inclk))then  

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      if(speed_counter=125)then  

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        speed_counter <= 0;

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        i2c_tic <= not(i2c_tic);

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      else

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        speed_counter <= speed_counter+1;

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      end if;

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    end if;

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  end process;

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  start_bit <= i2c_tic;

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  process(i2c_tic,i_reset)

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  begin

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    if(rising_edge(i2c_tic))then

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      case i2c_state is

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        when i2c_idle => --Idle           

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          scl_line <= '1';

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          sda_line <= '1';

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          i2c_state <= i2c_start;

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        when i2c_start => --Start

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          if(stop_bit='0')then

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            scl_line <= '1';

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            sda_line <= '0';  

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            i2c_state <= i2c_sendaddress;

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          else

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            i2c_state <= i2c_idle;

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          end if;

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        when i2c_sendaddress => --Slave address

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          scl_line  <= '0';

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          i2c_state <= i2c_sendaddress_0;

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        when i2c_sendaddress_0 => --8 bit address transmission

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          scl_line <= '0';

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          sda_line  <= slave_address(index_address);

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          i2c_state <= i2c_sendaddress_1;

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        when i2c_sendaddress_1 =>

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          scl_line  <= '1';

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          sda_line  <= slave_address(index_address);

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          if(index_address<7)then

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            index_address <= index_address+1;

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            i2c_state <= i2c_sendaddress;                                                      

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          else

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            index_address <= 0;

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            i2c_state <= i2c_addressack;

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          end if;

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        when i2c_addressack => --Slave address acknoweldgement 

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          scl_line <= '0';

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          i2c_state <= i2c_addressack_0;

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        when i2c_addressack_0 =>  

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          scl_line <= '0';

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          slaveack <= sda_line;

125
          i2c_state <= i2c_addressack_1;

126
          

127
        when i2c_addressack_1 =>

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          scl_line <= '1';

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          if(slaveack = '0')then

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            i2c_state <= i2c_data;

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          else

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            i2c_state <= i2c_stop;

133
          end if;

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        when i2c_data => --Data transmission starts 

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          scl_line <= '0';

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          i2c_state <= i2c_senddata_0;

138
        

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          when i2c_senddata_0 =>

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          scl_line <= '0';

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          sda_line  <= data_bytes(index_data);

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          i2c_state <= i2c_senddata;

143
          

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        when i2c_senddata => --Transmitting 8 bit data

145
          scl_line <= '1';

146
          

147
          if(index_data<7)then

148
            index_data <= index_data+1;

149
            i2c_state <= i2c_data;

150
          else

151
            index_data <= 0;

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            i2c_state <= i2c_dataack_0;

153
          end if;

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        when i2c_dataack_0 => --Data acknoweldgement

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          scl_line <= '0';

157
          i2c_state <= i2c_dataack_1;

158
          

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        when i2c_dataack_1 =>

160
          scl_line <= '0';

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          dataack  <= sda_line;

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          i2c_state <= i2c_dataack_2;

164
          

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        when i2c_dataack_2 =>

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          scl_line <= '1';

167
          

168
          if(dataack = '0')then

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            i2c_state <= i2c_stop;

170
          else

171
            i2c_state <= i2c_stop;

172
          end if;        

173
                    

174
        when i2c_stop => --Stop bit      

175
          scl_line <= '0';

176
          i2c_state <= i2c_stop_0;

177
        

178
        when i2c_stop_0 =>

179
          scl_line <= '0';

180
          sda_line <= '0';

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          i2c_state <= i2c_stop_1;

182
          

183
        when i2c_stop_1 =>

184
          scl_line <= '0';

185
          i2c_state <= i2c_stop_2;

186
          

187
        when i2c_stop_2 =>

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          scl_line <= '1';

189
          i2c_state <= i2c_stop_3;

190
        

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        when i2c_stop_3 =>

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          sda_line <= '1';

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          stop_bit <= '1';

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          stop_bit <= '1';

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          i2c_state <= i2c_idle;

196
          

197
        when others =>

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          i2c_state <= i2c_idle;

199
        

200
      end case;

201
      

202
    end if;

203
  end process;

204
  

205
 o_scl  <= scl_line;

206
 io_sda <= 'Z' when sda_line='1' else '0';

207
 

208
  ledred <= data_bytes;

209
 

210
end model;
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Hareesh M. OP (Company: Mindteck) #5646724
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Lothar M. wrote:
> Hareesh M. wrote:
>> I have updated the code as per your suggestion.
> Ok, and now? How does the waveform look like? Whats the problem with it?
>
> Hareesh M. wrote:
>> Lothar M. wrote:
>>> Pls attach a VHDL file.
> Hmpf.... you know, what "to attach" means?

Sorry, I have attached the vhdl file.
Attached files:
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Hareesh M. OP (Company: Mindteck) #5646725
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Hareesh M. wrote:
> Lothar M. wrote:
>> Hareesh M. wrote:
>>> I have updated the code as per your suggestion.
>> Ok, and now? How does the waveform look like? Whats the problem with it?
>>
But the thing is, I have a 265Kbit EEPROM. So to write something into it 
we need to give byte address. If i add that in my code also, the will 
become very large.
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Lothar M. Moderator (Company: Titel) #5647257
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Hareesh M. wrote:
> Sorry, I have attached the vhdl file.
This is no VHDL file because it has no *.VHD or *.VHDL extension. See 
the difference between your attachment and mine...

Hareesh M. wrote:
> If i add that in my code also, the will become very large.
Indeed. But whats the problem with that?


This ist NOT a proper way to generate a clock on a FPGA:
1
      if(speed_counter=125)then  

2
        i2c_tic <= not(i2c_tic);

Use a clock manager or much better: use a clock enable instead! Best way 
for a beginner is to have only 1 clock throughout the whole design.

1
  -- clock divider to generate clock enable for I2C

2
  process(i_inclk)

3
  begin

4
    if rising_edge(i_inclk) then    -- the one and only clock

5
      if speed_counter=249 then  

6
        speed_counter <= 0;

7
        i2c_tic_enable <= '1';

8
      else

9
        speed_counter <= speed_counter+1;

10
        i2c_tic_enable <= '0';

11
      end if;

12
    end if;

13
  end process;

14
  

15
  

16
  start_bit <= i2c_tic;

17
  

18
  process(i_inclk)

19
  begin

20
    if rising_edge(i_inclk) then    -- the one and only clock

21
      if i2c_tic_enable <= '1' then -- this is the I2C clock enable

22
        case i2c_state is

23
    :

24
    :


And also you have the usual "off by one" problem: your prescaler divides 
by 252, not like you want by 250! Because from 0 to 125 there are 126 
clock cycles.
Attached files:
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