The Sinclair Scientific runs on typical calculator hardware which is a
bit simpler than more general purpose microcontrollers. I's recently
been reverse engineered.
http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:vSwSiigXvvsJ:www.righto.com/sinclair+&cd=2&hl=de&ct=clnk&gl=de
Essentially that's implementing a 4 bit Microcomputer and programming it
as a calculator.
If you want points for originality, you could implement an electronic
version of a mechanical calculator. That involves having one or more
"registers" which are essentially counters. One architecture would be
one main register, which is also displayed at all times, as well as one
that holds your input value. Make it so you can add the input number to
your display register, but sending a series of impulses to it.
For example if you want to add 1337, you send
7 impulses to the 10^0 digit of your display counter,
3 impulses to the 10^1 digit of your display counter,
3 impulses to the 10^2 digit of your display counter and
1 impulse to the 10^3 digit of your display counter.
If you add a possibility to shift those lines, you can also easily make
it able to multiply things. That way you can add the 10^0 digit of the
input register to the 10^5 digit of the display counter, giving you a
multiplication of 10^5.
So multiplying 1234 times 5678 is fairly simple:
You enter 5678 into your input register and make sure your display
register is zero.
Add your input register to your display register 4 times with no shift.
Add your input register to your display register 3 times shifted 1
digit.
Add your input register to your display register 2 times shifted 2
digits.
Add your input register to your display register 1 times shifted 3
digits.
What you get is:
0000
+ 5678
+ 5678
+ 5678
+ 5678
+ 56780
+ 56780
+ 56780
+ 567800
+ 567800
+ 5678000
===========
whatever
It's like on a Curta.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZDn_DDsBWws