hello dear forum , I am trying to compile a C program for STM32F407 microcontroller with OlimexODS ( Eclipse + yagarto compiler ) I get the error; "undefined reference to memcpy" error as you can see in the attached picture ---------------------- makefile ------------ CROSS_COMPILE = arm-none-eabi- CC = $(CROSS_COMPILE)gcc SIZE = $(CROSS_COMPILE)size STRIP = $(CROSS_COMPILE)strip OBJCOPY = $(CROSS_COMPILE)objcopy OBJDUMP = $(CROSS_COMPILE)objdump LD = $(CROSS_COMPILE)ld AS = $(CROSS_COMPILE)as # Flags CFLAGS = -Wall -fno-common -c -g -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb CFLAGS += -g $(OPTIMIZATION) $(INCLUDES) -DTRACE_LEVEL=$(TRACE_LEVEL) ASFLAGS = -g -mapcs-32 LDFLAGS = -g -v -nostartfiles OBJCOPYFLAGS = -O binary OBJDUMPFLAGS = -x --syms -S why the linker cannot find a libray function which is 40 years old already ?
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eclipseerror2.JPG
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>please post the c-code
Why? This is a linker error.
Did you include string.h or memory.h? I am not familiar with your IDE, but memcpy() usually requires one of these include files.
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eclipseerror3.JPG
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hello as you can see in the attachment if I include any of standart library header files it gives "unresolved inclusion" error besides the original "undefined reference" error is still there if I build again
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Includes_Path.JPG
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Hey, im using the same IDE with YAGARTO-Toolchain. I had the same problems few days ago. Do you have this 4 path in your project? Otherwise the compiler wont find your included files.
>if I include any of standart library header files
Well, simply not putting it in is probably not the right solution.
All these effects point into the direction of a incomplete or defect
installation of the tool chain. Apparently the compiler is missing the
system include dir paths, and the linker is missing the system lib path.
Oliver
Is there a specific reason why you call target-ld by hand and don't use the driver target-gcc for linking? If you call it by hand you will have to set all the options by hand that the driver would set for you...
>All these effects point into the direction of a incomplete or defect >installation of the tool chain. Apparently the compiler is missing the >system include dir paths, and the linker is missing the system lib path. I totally agree however this IDE I downloaded from Olimex the name of this package is OlimexODS the package sucessfully installed only I had to install Java seperately and I had to adjust the PATH variable of my windows XP to point to ...yagarto\bin
Would all of you PLEASE stop talking all your include file nonsense? This is a linker error, include files have NOTHING to do with it. The linker doesn't find thee libraries. Libraries, not headers!
As I already said, the problem is that you call the linker with the wrong options. Use the driver for linking, not a naked ld, i.e. instead of. LD = $(CROSS_COMPILE)ld AS = $(CROSS_COMPILE)as you want LD = $(CROSS_COMPILE)gcc AS = $(CROSS_COMPILE)gcc For example, -nostartfiles makes no sense as an ld flag because ld knows nothing at all about start files. -nostartfiles is a flag for the driver, i.e. for $(CROSS_COMPILE)gcc.
>Author: Johann L.
hello I took your advice
however this time it gives error about map file
1 | c:/olimexods/yagarto/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.5.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe:./main.map: file format not recognized; treating as linker script |
2 | c:/olimexods/yagarto/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.5.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe:./main.map:2: syntax error |
3 | collect2: ld returned 1 exit status |
4 | make: *** [main.out] Error 1 |
if I comment this out in linker command line
>-Map main.map
it compiles
I have some questions ;
1) is this map file important ?
2) if I link with gcc instead of ld , will the code be stable ?
will it link with latest version of library ?
thanks
magnetron wrote: >>Author: Johann L. > > however this time it gives error about map file > >
1 | c:/olimexods/yagarto/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.5.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe:./main.map: |
2 | > file format not recognized; treating as linker script |
3 | > c:/olimexods/yagarto/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.5.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe:./main.map:2: |
4 | > syntax error |
5 | > collect2: ld returned 1 exit status |
6 | > make: *** [main.out] Error 1 |
> > if I comment this out in linker command line >>-Map main.map > it compiles > > I have some questions ; > 1) is this map file important ? It's important to find out what goes wrong. It's a dump file and won't change the compilation result, just like temporary files like -save-temps. > 2) if I link with gcc instead of ld , will the code be stable ? Is it stable not? Add -v to the gcc command line and observe the linker command it issues. Prosumably, the command line generated by gcc is much closer to a correct one tha a comman line you write by hand. Calling the ld by hand instead of by means of the driver (gcc) is the most common reason for problems with the linker. > will it link with latest version of library ? I don't know your library. And Idon't know STM or ARM. It's just the general scheme how gcc works. If GCC and Binutils and the libraries are configured and built correctly, it will work.
> if I link with gcc instead of ld , will the code be stable ?
Your trials with using ld directly did not produce any usable code at
all.
The program "gcc" itself is neither a compiler nor a linker. It is the
standard interface to all elements of the tool chain (compiler, linker,
assembler, ...), and calls all of them, using the right paprameters.
Therefore using gcc is the most appropriate option.
Oliver
1 | c:/olimexods/yagarto/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.5.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib\libg.a(lib_a-sbrkr.o): In function `_sbrk_r': |
2 | C:\msys\1.0\home\yagarto\newlib-build\arm-none-eabi\newlib\libc\reent/../../../../../newlib-1.18.0/newlib/libc/reent/sbrkr.c:60: undefined reference to `_sbrk' |
3 | collect2: ld returned 1 exit status |
4 | make: *** [main.out] Error 1 |
hello forum, I squeezed the error down to above message after I changed the ...ld to ...gcc I searched the forum for past messages some people faced the same error like me but I didnot understand anything what is this _sbrk? how can I get rid of it ? thanks
_sbrk is used to get memory from the OS, e.g. during malloc. Thus, _sbrk is typically supplied by your OS or libgloss or similar.
hello thanks for the answer but I have no operating system this is a standalone application on an ARM Cortex M4 microcontroller thank you, how can I proceed ?
Use an OS, implement _sbrk, don't use malloc et al. or implement your own malloc et al. Most likely you don't really want malloc.
or read the documentation of newlib. google will give you also some more info on that issue. Oliver
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