Hi, I'm trying to use WinARM 4.1.1 to compile and link object files for a BREW project. I got started using this page: http://brew.wardco.com/. First thing to note is that I have this successfully working under the GNUDE tool chain. When I switched over to WinARM, I initially got it to work till I noticed that I had -Lc:/gnude/arm-elf/lib instead of -Lc:/WinARM/arm-elf/lib in my library path. I obviously don't want to have both systems in place in my environment. Using the WinARM library path causes me to get the following linker errors (just the short version; see attached for the full list):
1 | c:/WinARM/arm-elf/lib\libsupc++.a(eh_personality.o): In function `read_encoded_value_with_base': |
2 | c:/winarms/gcc-4.1.1/gcc/unwind-pe.h:259: undefined reference to `abort' |
3 | c:/WinARM/arm-elf/lib\libsupc++.a(eh_terminate.o):../../../../../gcc-4.1.1/libstdc++-v3/libsupc++/eh_terminate.cc:46: more undefined references to `abort' follow |
4 | c:/WinARM/arm-elf/lib\libc.a(fopen.o): In function `_fopen_r': |
5 | fopen.c:(.text+0x48): undefined reference to `_open_r' |
6 | c:/WinARM/arm-elf/lib\libc.a(freer.o): In function `_malloc_trim_r': |
7 | mallocr.c:(.text+0x48): undefined reference to `_sbrk_r' |
8 | C:\WinARM/lib/gcc/arm-elf/4.1.1/\libgcc.a(unwind-sjlj.o): In function `_Unwind_SjLj_Resume_or_Rethrow': |
9 | ../../../gcc-4.1.1/gcc/unwind.inc:263: undefined reference to `abort' |
I am not sure how to approach solving this; it appears that I am simply missing a path somewhere, but which path? Any insight would be appreciated. Thanks, -=-Adam
It seems that the linker gets forced to link non-interwork-enabled object- and/or library-code since you use a fixed library path, you may just try to modify the path so it points to the interwork-enabled libc-object-code. It's difficult to analyse this without further information but you may check if you are calling the linker (arm-elf-ld) directly which is not recommended. If you are building a C++ application link with arm-elf-g++. It will "automatically" link with the correct libc-objects since the frontend "knows" about the multilibs, no need to set a fixed path to a libc.
Martin, thanks for the reply. I am indeed explicitly calling arm-elf-ld. I am not sure how to go about making arm-elf-g++ automatically do the linking for me. Can you provide any details? I am not intimately familiar with the implicit workings of the linking process. I am using a template make file that allegedly works for other developers compiling BREW under WinARM. I have attached that (now modified from the original) file. I did try to get the linker to use the interworking version of libc.a, but actually ended up with more errors. Two interesting notes: 1) While troubleshooting, I noticed that specifically using the basic libc.a from the GNUDE chain allows the linking to succeed (and the app to run properly). 2) I just upgraded to WinARM 4.1.2 (which I wasn't aware was out there till just today!) and the resulting errors were much smaller in scope:
1 | C:\WinARM\arm-elf\lib\libc.a(lib_a-abort.o): In function `abort': |
2 | abort.c:(.text+0xc): undefined reference to `_exit' |
3 | C:\WinARM\arm-elf\lib\libc.a(lib_a-fopen.o): In function `_fopen_r': |
4 | fopen.c:(.text+0x58): undefined reference to `_open_r' |
5 | C:\WinARM\arm-elf\lib\libc.a(lib_a-freer.o): In function `_malloc_trim_r': |
6 | mallocr.c:(.text+0x48): undefined reference to `_sbrk_r' |
7 | mallocr.c:(.text+0x70): undefined reference to `_sbrk_r' |
8 | mallocr.c:(.text+0xb4): undefined reference to `_sbrk_r' |
9 | C:\WinARM\arm-elf\lib\libc.a(lib_a-fseek.o): In function `_fseek_r': |
10 | fseek.c:(.text+0xf4): undefined reference to `_fstat_r' |
11 | fseek.c:(.text+0x35c): undefined reference to `_fstat_r' |
12 | C:\WinARM\arm-elf\lib\libc.a(lib_a-makebuf.o): In function `__smakebuf_r': |
13 | makebuf.c:(.text+0x40): undefined reference to `_fstat_r' |
14 | makebuf.c:(.text+0x104): undefined reference to `isatty' |
15 | C:\WinARM\arm-elf\lib\libc.a(lib_a-mallocr.o): In function `_malloc_r': |
16 | mallocr.c:(.text+0x428): undefined reference to `_sbrk_r' |
17 | mallocr.c:(.text+0x5c0): undefined reference to `_sbrk_r' |
18 | C:\WinARM\arm-elf\lib\libc.a(lib_a-signal.o): In function `_raise_r': |
19 | signal.c:(.text+0x16c): undefined reference to `_getpid_r' |
20 | signal.c:(.text+0x180): undefined reference to `_kill_r' |
21 | C:\WinARM\arm-elf\lib\libc.a(lib_a-stdio.o): In function `__sclose': |
22 | stdio.c:(.text+0xc): undefined reference to `_close_r' |
23 | C:\WinARM\arm-elf\lib\libc.a(lib_a-stdio.o): In function `__sseek': |
24 | stdio.c:(.text+0x30): undefined reference to `_lseek_r' |
25 | C:\WinARM\arm-elf\lib\libc.a(lib_a-stdio.o): In function `__swrite': |
26 | stdio.c:(.text+0x90): undefined reference to `_lseek_r' |
27 | stdio.c:(.text+0xb4): undefined reference to `_write_r' |
28 | C:\WinARM\arm-elf\lib\libc.a(lib_a-stdio.o): In function `__sread': |
29 | stdio.c:(.text+0xd8): undefined reference to `_read_r' |
30 | C:\WinARM\arm-elf\lib\libc.a(lib_a-syswrite.o): In function `write': |
31 | syswrite.c:(.text+0x24): undefined reference to `_write_r' |
32 | C:\WinARM\bin\arm-elf-ld.EXE: link errors found, deleting executable `testpin.el |
33 | f' |
34 | NMAKE : fatal error U1077: 'C:\WinARM\bin\arm-elf-ld.EXE' : return code '0x1' |
35 | Stop. |
The libstdc++.a has an object file called eh_personality.o This needs to be removed prior to linking. Go to the WinARM\arm-elf\lib directory. type the following copy libstdc++.a libstdc++.a.bak ar -d libstdc++.a eh_personality.o Now link it again.
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