Hi I am very new to Microcontroller programming. I am using Olimex board with AT91SAMX256 . Does anyone have any idea where i can get Linker file and make files with C++ support. I am tyring seriously since few days to get rid off this error : ' No memory section defined for loadable section'. I took some sample linker scripts with c++ support from WinArm projects page but i dont know how to change memory locations according to my target board or configure things to get started with c++ programming. I tried almost all possibilities with different linker scripts. The board works fine when i program with c. But i must do my program now in c++. So please help me out. Have a nice day ahead. Regards Rajitha
Rajitha Dandu wrote: > The board works fine when i program with c. > > But i must do my program now in c++. If your program works in C, but not C++ theres also the possibility that there is an error with your makefile. Post your entire make file, linker script, and the entire output of the error you are getting.
Jim Kaz wrote: > Rajitha Dandu wrote: >> The board works fine when i program with c. >> >> But i must do my program now in c++. > > > If your program works in C, but not C++ theres also the possibility that > there is an error with your makefile. Post your entire make file, > linker script, and the entire output of the error you are getting. Thank you for your response. Here are the files which i am using Makefile #FLASH_TOOL = UVISION FLASH_TOOL = OPENOCD # MCU name and submodel MCU = arm7tdmi SUBMDL = AT91SAM7X256 USE_THUMB_MODE = YES #USE_THUMB_MODE = NO ## Create ROM-Image (final) RUN_MODE=ROM_RUN ## Create RAM-Image (debugging) ##( not used: example does not fit in AT91SAM7S64 RAM ) #RUN_MODE=RAM_RUN ## Exception-Vector placement only supported for "ROM_RUN" ## (placement settings ignored when using "RAM_RUN") ## - Exception vectors in ROM: #VECTOR_LOCATION=VECTORS_IN_ROM ## - Exception vectors in RAM: VECTOR_LOCATION=VECTORS_IN_RAM # Target file name (without extension). TARGET = main # List C source files here. (C dependencies are automatically generated.) # use file-extension c for "c-only"-files #SRC = dbgu.c #SRC += syscalls.c #SRC += swi_handler_user.c # SRC += rprintf.c # List C source files here which must be compiled in ARM-Mode. # use file-extension c for "c-only"-files #SRCARM = common/Cstartup_SAM7.c # List C++ source files here. # use file-extension cpp for C++-files (use extension .cpp) CPPSRC = $(TARGET).cpp # List C++ source files here which must be compiled in ARM-Mode. # use file-extension cpp for C++-files (use extension .cpp) CPPSRCARM = # List Assembler source files here. # Make them always end in a capital .S. Files ending in a lowercase .s # will not be considered source files but generated files (assembler # output from the compiler), and will be deleted upon "make clean"! # Even though the DOS/Win* filesystem matches both .s and .S the same, # it will preserve the spelling of the filenames, and gcc itself does # care about how the name is spelled on its command-line. ASRC = # List Assembler source files here which must be assembled in ARM-Mode.. ASRCARM = Cstartup.S ASRCARM += swi_handler.S ## Output format. (can be ihex or binary) ## (binary i.e. for openocd and SAM-BA, hex i.e. for lpc21isp and uVision) #FORMAT = ihex FORMAT = binary # Optimization level, can be [0, 1, 2, 3, s]. # 0 = turn off optimization. s = optimize for size. # (Note: 3 is not always the best optimization level. See avr-libc FAQ.) OPT = s #OPT = 0 # Debugging format. # Native formats for AVR-GCC's -g are stabs [default], or dwarf-2. # AVR (extended) COFF requires stabs, plus an avr-objcopy run. #DEBUG = stabs DEBUG = dwarf-2 # List any extra directories to look for include files here. # Each directory must be seperated by a space. #EXTRAINCDIRS = ./common # List any extra directories to look for library files here. # Each directory must be seperated by a space. #EXTRA_LIBDIRS = ../arm7_efsl_0_2_4 EXTRA_LIBDIRS = ## Using the Atmel AT91_lib produces warning with ## the default warning-levels. ## yes - disable these warnings; no - keep default settings AT91LIBNOWARN = yes #AT91LIBNOWARN = no # Compiler flag to set the C Standard level. # c89 - "ANSI" C # gnu89 - c89 plus GCC extensions # c99 - ISO C99 standard (not yet fully implemented) # gnu99 - c99 plus GCC extensions CSTANDARD = -std=gnu99 # Place -D or -U options for C here CDEFS = -D$(RUN_MODE) # Place -I options here CINCS = # Place -D or -U options for ASM here ADEFS = -D$(RUN_MODE) ifdef VECTOR_LOCATION CDEFS += -D$(VECTOR_LOCATION) ADEFS += -D$(VECTOR_LOCATION) endif CDEFS += -D__WinARM__ ADEFS += -D__WinARM__ # Compiler flags. ifeq ($(USE_THUMB_MODE),YES) THUMB = -mthumb THUMB_IW = -mthumb-interwork else THUMB = THUMB_IW = endif # -g*: generate debugging information # -O*: optimization level # -f...: tuning, see GCC manual and avr-libc documentation # -Wall...: warning level # -Wa,...: tell GCC to pass this to the assembler. # -adhlns...: create assembler listing # # Flags for C and C++ (arm-elf-gcc/arm-elf-g++) CFLAGS = -g$(DEBUG) CFLAGS += $(CDEFS) $(CINCS) CFLAGS += -O$(OPT) CFLAGS += -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections CFLAGS += -Wall -Wcast-align -Wimplicit CFLAGS += -Wpointer-arith -Wswitch CFLAGS += -Wredundant-decls -Wreturn-type -Wshadow -Wunused CFLAGS += -Wa,-adhlns=$(subst $(suffix $<),.lst,$<) CFLAGS += $(patsubst %,-I%,$(EXTRAINCDIRS)) # flags only for C CONLYFLAGS += -Wnested-externs CONLYFLAGS += $(CSTANDARD) ifneq ($(AT91LIBNOWARN),yes) #AT91-lib warnings with: CFLAGS += -Wcast-qual CONLYFLAGS += -Wmissing-prototypes CONLYFLAGS += -Wstrict-prototypes CONLYFLAGS += -Wmissing-declarations endif # flags only for C++ (arm-elf-g++) CPPFLAGS = -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions # Assembler flags. # -Wa,...: tell GCC to pass this to the assembler. # -ahlns: create listing # -g$(DEBUG): have the assembler create line number information ASFLAGS = $(ADEFS) -Wa,-adhlns=$(<:.S=.lst),--g$(DEBUG) #Additional libraries. # Extra libraries # Each library-name must be seperated by a space. # To add libxyz.a, libabc.a and libefsl.a: # EXTRA_LIBS = xyz abc efsl #EXTRA_LIBS = efsl EXTRA_LIBS = #Support for newlibc-lpc (file: libnewlibc-lpc.a) #NEWLIBLPC = -lnewlib-lpc MATH_LIB = -lm CPLUSPLUS_LIB = -lstdc++ # Linker flags. # -Wl,...: tell GCC to pass this to linker. # -Map: create map file # --cref: add cross reference to map file LDFLAGS = -nostartfiles -Wl,-Map=$(TARGET).map,--cref,--gc-sections LDFLAGS += -lc LDFLAGS += $(NEWLIBLPC) $(MATH_LIB) LDFLAGS += -lc -lgcc LDFLAGS += $(CPLUSPLUS_LIB) LDFLAGS += $(patsubst %,-L%,$(EXTRA_LIBDIRS)) LDFLAGS += $(patsubst %,-l%,$(EXTRA_LIBS)) # Set Linker-Script Depending On Selected Memory and Controller ifeq ($(RUN_MODE),RAM_RUN) LDFLAGS +=-T./$(SUBMDL)-RAM.ld else LDFLAGS +=-T./$(SUBMDL)-ROM.ld endif # ------------------------------------------------------------------------ --- # Flash-Programming support using lpc21isp by Martin Maurer # only for Philips LPC and Analog ADuC ARMs # # Settings and variables: #LPC21ISP = lpc21isp #LPC21ISP = lpc21isp #LPC21ISP_PORT = com1 #LPC21ISP_BAUD = 38400 #LPC21ISP_XTAL = 12000 #LPC21ISP_FLASHFILE = $(TARGET).hex # verbose output: #LPC21ISP_DEBUG = -debug # enter bootloader via RS232 DTR/RTS (only if hardware supports this # feature - see Philips AppNote): #LPC21ISP_CONTROL = -control # ------------------------------------------------------------------------ --- # Define directories, if needed. ## DIRARM = c:/WinARM/ ## DIRARMBIN = $(DIRAVR)/bin/ ## DIRAVRUTILS = $(DIRAVR)/utils/bin/ # Define programs and commands. SHELL = sh CC = arm-elf-gcc CPP = arm-elf-g++ OBJCOPY = arm-elf-objcopy OBJDUMP = arm-elf-objdump SIZE = arm-elf-size NM = arm-elf-nm REMOVE = rm -f COPY = cp # Define Messages # English MSG_ERRORS_NONE = Errors: none MSG_BEGIN = "-------- begin (mode: $(RUN_MODE)) --------" MSG_END = -------- end -------- MSG_SIZE_BEFORE = Size before: MSG_SIZE_AFTER = Size after: MSG_FLASH = Creating load file for Flash: MSG_EXTENDED_LISTING = Creating Extended Listing: MSG_SYMBOL_TABLE = Creating Symbol Table: MSG_LINKING = Linking: MSG_COMPILING = Compiling C: MSG_COMPILING_ARM = "Compiling C (ARM-only):" MSG_COMPILINGCPP = Compiling C++: MSG_COMPILINGCPP_ARM = "Compiling C++ (ARM-only):" MSG_ASSEMBLING = Assembling: MSG_ASSEMBLING_ARM = "Assembling (ARM-only):" MSG_CLEANING = Cleaning project: MSG_FORMATERROR = Can not handle output-format MSG_LPC21_RESETREMINDER = You may have to bring the target in bootloader-mode now. # Define all object files. COBJ = $(SRC:.c=.o) AOBJ = $(ASRC:.S=.o) COBJARM = $(SRCARM:.c=.o) AOBJARM = $(ASRCARM:.S=.o) CPPOBJ = $(CPPSRC:.cpp=.o) CPPOBJARM = $(CPPSRCARM:.cpp=.o) # Define all listing files. LST = $(ASRC:.S=.lst) $(ASRCARM:.S=.lst) $(SRC:.c=.lst) $(SRCARM:.c=.lst) LST += $(CPPSRC:.cpp=.lst) $(CPPSRCARM:.cpp=.lst) # Compiler flags to generate dependency files. ### GENDEPFLAGS = -Wp,-M,-MP,-MT,$(*F).o,-MF,.dep/$(@F).d GENDEPFLAGS = -MD -MP -MF .dep/$(@F).d # Combine all necessary flags and optional flags. # Add target processor to flags. ALL_CFLAGS = -mcpu=$(MCU) $(THUMB_IW) -I. $(CFLAGS) $(GENDEPFLAGS) ALL_ASFLAGS = -mcpu=$(MCU) $(THUMB_IW) -I. -x assembler-with-cpp $(ASFLAGS) # Default target. all: begin gccversion sizebefore build sizeafter finished end ifeq ($(FORMAT),ihex) build: elf hex lss sym hex: $(TARGET).hex IMGEXT=hex else ifeq ($(FORMAT),binary) build: elf bin lss sym bin: $(TARGET).bin IMGEXT=bin else $(error "$(MSG_FORMATERROR) $(FORMAT)") endif endif elf: $(TARGET).elf lss: $(TARGET).lss sym: $(TARGET).sym # Eye candy. begin: @echo @echo $(MSG_BEGIN) finished: @echo $(MSG_ERRORS_NONE) end: @echo $(MSG_END) @echo # Display size of file. HEXSIZE = $(SIZE) --target=$(FORMAT) $(TARGET).hex ELFSIZE = $(SIZE) -A $(TARGET).elf sizebefore: @if [ -f $(TARGET).elf ]; then echo; echo $(MSG_SIZE_BEFORE); $(ELFSIZE); echo; fi sizeafter: @if [ -f $(TARGET).elf ]; then echo; echo $(MSG_SIZE_AFTER); $(ELFSIZE); echo; fi # Display compiler version information. gccversion : @$(CPP) --version ifeq ($(FLASH_TOOL),OPENOCD) # Program the device with Dominic Rath's OPENOCD in "batch-mode", needs cfg and "reset-script". program: $(TARGET).$(IMGEXT) @echo @echo "Programming with OPENOCD" CC:\Program Files\openocd-2006re115\bin\openocd-ftd2xx.exe -f at91sam7x256-armusbocd-flash-program.cfg #else # Program the device. - lpc21isp will not work for SAM7 #program: $(TARGET).$(IMGEXT) # @echo # @echo $(MSG_LPC21_RESETREMINDER) # $(LPC21ISP) $(LPC21ISP_OPTIONS) $(LPC21ISP_DEBUG) $(LPC21ISP_FLASHFILE) $(LPC21ISP_PORT) $(LPC21ISP_BAUD) $(LPC21ISP_XTAL) #endif endif # Create final output file (.hex) from ELF output file. %.hex: %.elf @echo @echo $(MSG_FLASH) $@ $(OBJCOPY) -O $(FORMAT) $< $@ # Create final output file (.bin) from ELF output file. %.bin: %.elf @echo @echo $(MSG_FLASH) $@ $(OBJCOPY) -O $(FORMAT) $< $@ # Create extended listing file from ELF output file. # testing: option -C %.lss: %.elf @echo @echo $(MSG_EXTENDED_LISTING) $@ $(OBJDUMP) -h -S -C $< > $@ # Create a symbol table from ELF output file. %.sym: %.elf @echo @echo $(MSG_SYMBOL_TABLE) $@ $(NM) -n $< > $@ # Link: create ELF output file from object files. .SECONDARY : $(TARGET).elf .PRECIOUS : $(AOBJARM) $(AOBJ) $(COBJARM) $(COBJ) $(CPPOBJ) $(CPPOBJARM) %.elf: $(AOBJARM) $(AOBJ) $(COBJARM) $(COBJ) $(CPPOBJ) $(CPPOBJARM) @echo @echo $(MSG_LINKING) $@ $(CC) $(THUMB) $(ALL_CFLAGS) $(AOBJARM) $(AOBJ) $(COBJARM) $(COBJ) $(CPPOBJ) $(CPPOBJARM) --output $@ $(LDFLAGS) # $(CPP) $(THUMB) $(ALL_CFLAGS) $(AOBJARM) $(AOBJ) $(COBJARM) $(COBJ) $(CPPOBJ) $(CPPOBJARM) --output $@ $(LDFLAGS) # Compile: create object files from C source files. ARM/Thumb $(COBJ) : %.o : %.c @echo @echo $(MSG_COMPILING) $< $(CC) -c $(THUMB) $(ALL_CFLAGS) $(CONLYFLAGS) $< -o $@ # Compile: create object files from C source files. ARM-only $(COBJARM) : %.o : %.c @echo @echo $(MSG_COMPILING_ARM) $< $(CC) -c $(ALL_CFLAGS) $(CONLYFLAGS) $< -o $@ # Compile: create object files from C++ source files. ARM/Thumb $(CPPOBJ) : %.o : %.cpp @echo @echo $(MSG_COMPILINGCPP) $< $(CPP) -c $(THUMB) $(ALL_CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $< -o $@ # Compile: create object files from C++ source files. ARM-only $(CPPOBJARM) : %.o : %.cpp @echo @echo $(MSG_COMPILINGCPP_ARM) $< $(CPP) -c $(ALL_CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $< -o $@ # Compile: create assembler files from C source files. ARM/Thumb ## does not work - TODO - hints welcome ##$(COBJ) : %.s : %.c ## $(CC) $(THUMB) -S $(ALL_CFLAGS) $< -o $@ # Assemble: create object files from assembler source files. ARM/Thumb $(AOBJ) : %.o : %.S @echo @echo $(MSG_ASSEMBLING) $< $(CC) -c $(THUMB) $(ALL_ASFLAGS) $< -o $@ # Assemble: create object files from assembler source files. ARM-only $(AOBJARM) : %.o : %.S @echo @echo $(MSG_ASSEMBLING_ARM) $< $(CC) -c $(ALL_ASFLAGS) $< -o $@ # Target: clean project. clean: begin clean_list finished end clean_list : @echo @echo $(MSG_CLEANING) $(REMOVE) ../Common_WinARM/$(TARGET).hex $(REMOVE) $(TARGET).hex $(REMOVE) $(TARGET).bin $(REMOVE) $(TARGET).obj $(REMOVE) $(TARGET).elf $(REMOVE) $(TARGET).map $(REMOVE) $(TARGET).obj $(REMOVE) $(TARGET).a90 $(REMOVE) $(TARGET).sym $(REMOVE) $(TARGET).lnk $(REMOVE) $(TARGET).lss $(REMOVE) $(COBJ) $(REMOVE) $(CPPOBJ) $(REMOVE) $(AOBJ) $(REMOVE) $(COBJARM) $(REMOVE) $(CPPOBJARM) $(REMOVE) $(AOBJARM) $(REMOVE) $(LST) $(REMOVE) $(SRC:.c=.s) $(REMOVE) $(SRC:.c=.d) $(REMOVE) $(SRCARM:.c=.s) $(REMOVE) $(SRCARM:.c=.d) $(REMOVE) $(CPPSRC:.cpp=.s) $(REMOVE) $(CPPSRC:.cpp=.d) $(REMOVE) $(CPPSRCARM:.cpp=.s) $(REMOVE) $(CPPSRCARM:.cpp=.d) $(REMOVE) .dep/* # Include the dependency files. -include $(shell mkdir .dep 2>/dev/null) $(wildcard .dep/*) # Listing of phony targets. .PHONY : all begin finish end sizebefore sizeafter gccversion \ build elf hex bin lss sym clean clean_list program RAM lINKER SCRIPT /*---------------------------------------------------------------------- -----*/ /*- File source : GCC_RAM.ld */ /*- Object : Linker Script File for RAM Workspace */ /*- Compilation flag : None */ /*- */ /*- 1.0 11/Mar/05 JPP : Creation S256 */ /*---------------------------------------------------------------------- -----*/ /* 24-02-2006 Ewout Boks. Adapted from AT91SAM7S64-RAM.ld script by M. Thomas. - Changed the memory sections to model the AT91SAM7S256 . - modified the region where the .text section is loaded to DATA - tested succesfully with AT91SAM7 GPIO Example and PEEDI debugger on AT91SAM7S-EK equipped with AT91SAM7S256 */ /* Memory Definitions */ MEMORY { FLASH (rx) : ORIGIN = 0x00100000, LENGTH = 0x00040000 DATA (rw) : ORIGIN = 0x00200000, LENGTH = 0x00010000 STACK (rw) : ORIGIN = 0x00210000, LENGTH = 0x00000000 } /* Section Definitions */ SECTIONS { /* first section is .text which is used for code */ . = 0x0000000; .text : { *Cstartup.o (.text) }>DATA =0 .text : { *(.text) /* remaining code */ *(.glue_7t) *(.glue_7) } >DATA . = ALIGN(4); /* .rodata section which is used for read-only data (constants) */ .rodata : { *(.rodata) } >DATA . = ALIGN(4); _etext = . ; PROVIDE (etext = .); /* .data section which is used for initialized data */ .data : AT (_etext) { _data = . ; *(.data) SORT(CONSTRUCTORS) } >DATA . = ALIGN(4); _edata = . ; PROVIDE (edata = .); /* .bss section which is used for uninitialized data */ .bss : { __bss_start = . ; _bss_start_ = . ; *(.bss) *(COMMON) } . = ALIGN(4); _bss_end_ = . ; _bss_end_ = . ; _end = .; PROVIDE (end = .); . = ALIGN(4); .int_data : { *(.internal_ram_top) }> STACK /* Stabs debugging sections. */ .stab 0 : { *(.stab) } .stabstr 0 : { *(.stabstr) } .stab.excl 0 : { *(.stab.excl) } .stab.exclstr 0 : { *(.stab.exclstr) } .stab.index 0 : { *(.stab.index) } .stab.indexstr 0 : { *(.stab.indexstr) } .comment 0 : { *(.comment) } /* DWARF debug sections. Symbols in the DWARF debugging sections are relative to the beginning of the section so we begin them at 0. */ /* DWARF 1 */ .debug 0 : { *(.debug) } .line 0 : { *(.line) } /* GNU DWARF 1 extensions */ .debug_srcinfo 0 : { *(.debug_srcinfo) } .debug_sfnames 0 : { *(.debug_sfnames) } /* DWARF 1.1 and DWARF 2 */ .debug_aranges 0 : { *(.debug_aranges) } .debug_pubnames 0 : { *(.debug_pubnames) } /* DWARF 2 */ .debug_info 0 : { *(.debug_info .gnu.linkonce.wi.*) } .debug_abbrev 0 : { *(.debug_abbrev) } .debug_line 0 : { *(.debug_line) } .debug_frame 0 : { *(.debug_frame) } .debug_str 0 : { *(.debug_str) } .debug_loc 0 : { *(.debug_loc) } .debug_macinfo 0 : { *(.debug_macinfo) } /* SGI/MIPS DWARF 2 extensions */ .debug_weaknames 0 : { *(.debug_weaknames) } .debug_funcnames 0 : { *(.debug_funcnames) } .debug_typenames 0 : { *(.debug_typenames) } .debug_varnames 0 : { *(.debug_varnames) } } ROM LINKER SCRIPT /*---------------------------------------------------------------------- -----*/ /*- File source : GCC_FLASH.ld */ /*- Object : Linker Script File for Flash Workspace */ /*- Compilation flag : None */ /*- */ /*- 1.0 11/Mar/05 JPP : Creation S256 */ /*---------------------------------------------------------------------- -----*/ /* 24-02-2006 Ewout Boks. Adapted from AT91SAM7S64-RAM.ld script by M. Thomas. - Changed the memory sections to model the AT91SAM7S256 . - tested succesfully with AT91SAM7 GPIO Example and PEEDI debugger on AT91SAM7S-EK equipped with AT91SAM7S256 */ /* Memory Definitions */ MEMORY { FLASH (rx) : ORIGIN = 0x00100000, LENGTH = 0x00040000 DATA (rw) : ORIGIN = 0x00200000, LENGTH = 0x00010000 STACK (rw) : ORIGIN = 0x00210000, LENGTH = 0x00000000 } /* Section Definitions */ SECTIONS { /* first section is .text which is used for code */ . = 0x0000000; .text : { *Cstartup.o (.text) }>FLASH =0 .text : { *(.text) /* remaining code */ *(.glue_7t) *(.glue_7) } >FLASH . = ALIGN(4); /* .rodata section which is used for read-only data (constants) */ .rodata : { *(.rodata) } >FLASH . = ALIGN(4); _etext = . ; PROVIDE (etext = .); /* .data section which is used for initialized data */ .data : AT (_etext) { _data = . ; *(.data) SORT(CONSTRUCTORS) } >DATA . = ALIGN(4); _edata = . ; PROVIDE (edata = .); /* .bss section which is used for uninitialized data */ .bss : { __bss_start = . ; _bss_start_ = . ; *(.bss) *(COMMON) } . = ALIGN(4); _bss_end_ = . ; _bss_end_ = . ; _end = .; PROVIDE (end = .); . = ALIGN(4); .int_data : { *(.internal_ram_top) }> STACK /* Stabs debugging sections. */ .stab 0 : { *(.stab) } .stabstr 0 : { *(.stabstr) } .stab.excl 0 : { *(.stab.excl) } .stab.exclstr 0 : { *(.stab.exclstr) } .stab.index 0 : { *(.stab.index) } .stab.indexstr 0 : { *(.stab.indexstr) } .comment 0 : { *(.comment) } /* DWARF debug sections. Symbols in the DWARF debugging sections are relative to the beginning of the section so we begin them at 0. */ /* DWARF 1 */ .debug 0 : { *(.debug) } .line 0 : { *(.line) } /* GNU DWARF 1 extensions */ .debug_srcinfo 0 : { *(.debug_srcinfo) } .debug_sfnames 0 : { *(.debug_sfnames) } /* DWARF 1.1 and DWARF 2 */ .debug_aranges 0 : { *(.debug_aranges) } .debug_pubnames 0 : { *(.debug_pubnames) } /* DWARF 2 */ .debug_info 0 : { *(.debug_info .gnu.linkonce.wi.*) } .debug_abbrev 0 : { *(.debug_abbrev) } .debug_line 0 : { *(.debug_line) } .debug_frame 0 : { *(.debug_frame) } .debug_str 0 : { *(.debug_str) } .debug_loc 0 : { *(.debug_loc) } .debug_macinfo 0 : { *(.debug_macinfo) } /* SGI/MIPS DWARF 2 extensions */ .debug_weaknames 0 : { *(.debug_weaknames) } .debug_funcnames 0 : { *(.debug_funcnames) } .debug_typenames 0 : { *(.debug_typenames) } .debug_varnames 0 : { *(.debug_varnames) } } ERROR IS AS SHOWN BELOW make -k all C:\Program: C:\Program: No such file or directory make: *** [begin] Error 127 arm-elf-g++ (GCC) 4.1.1 Copyright (C) 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. C:\Program: C:\Program: No such file or directory make: *** [Cstartup.o] Error 127 C:\Program: C:\Program: No such file or directory make: *** [swi_handler.o] Error 127 C:\Program: C:\Program: No such file or directory make: *** [finished] Error 127 C:\Program: C:\Program: No such file or directory make: *** [end] Error 127 make: Target `all' not remade because of errors. I dont understand from where the c:\program command comes from , i dont see any such thing in makefile. I am trying to rectify this error since few days but nouse. Please help me Have a nice day ahead Regards Rajitha
> > make -k all > C:\Program: C:\Program: No such file or directory > make: *** [begin] Error 127 > arm-elf-g++ (GCC) 4.1.1 > Copyright (C) 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc. > This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is > NO > warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR > PURPOSE. > > C:\Program: C:\Program: No such file or directory > make: *** [Cstartup.o] Error 127 > C:\Program: C:\Program: No such file or directory > make: *** [swi_handler.o] Error 127 > C:\Program: C:\Program: No such file or directory > make: *** [finished] Error 127 > C:\Program: C:\Program: No such file or directory > make: *** [end] Error 127 > make: Target `all' not remade because of errors. > > > I dont understand from where the c:\program command comes from , i dont > see any such thing in makefile. > > I am trying to rectify this error since few days but nouse. > > Please help me > > Have a nice day ahead > > Regards > Rajitha in your make file change SHELL = sh for SHELL = cmd what is you version of make.exe ? you should use the 3.81 from the yagarto or openocd toolchain. regards Jonathan
Jonathan Dumarjo wrote: >> >> make -k all >> C:\Program: C:\Program: No such file or directory >> make: *** [begin] Error 127 >> arm-elf-g++ (GCC) 4.1.1 >> Copyright (C) 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc. >> This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is >> NO >> warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR >> PURPOSE. >> >> C:\Program: C:\Program: No such file or directory >> make: *** [Cstartup.o] Error 127 >> C:\Program: C:\Program: No such file or directory >> make: *** [swi_handler.o] Error 127 >> C:\Program: C:\Program: No such file or directory >> make: *** [finished] Error 127 >> C:\Program: C:\Program: No such file or directory >> make: *** [end] Error 127 >> make: Target `all' not remade because of errors. >> >> >> I dont understand from where the c:\program command comes from , i dont >> see any such thing in makefile. >> >> I am trying to rectify this error since few days but nouse. >> >> Please help me >> >> Have a nice day ahead >> >> Regards >> Rajitha > > in your make file change > SHELL = sh > for > SHELL = cmd > what is you version of make.exe ? > > you should use the 3.81 from the yagarto or openocd toolchain. > > regards > > Jonathan Hi Thank you for your response. I chaged to shell = cmd and i have the make.exe from openocd and it is 3.81 . Now the program gives error something like this: Errors: ld:cannot file -lnewlib-lpc make: *** [sizebefore] error255 Warning: c:\program files\yagarto\bin\..\lib\gcc\arm-elf\4.1.1\..\..\..\..\arm-elf\bin\ld.ex e:AT91SAM7X256-ROM.ld warning: memory region CODE not declared test_c++ line 57 1175092730506 788 Console shows: make -k all The system cannot find the path specified. ECHO is off. "-------- begin (mode: ROM_RUN) --------" arm-elf-gcc (GCC) 4.1.1 Copyright (C) 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. -f was unexpected at this time. make: *** [sizebefore] Error 255 ECHO is off. Linking: main.elf arm-elf-gcc -mthumb -mcpu=arm7tdmi -mthumb-interwork -I. -gdwarf-2 -DROM_RUN -DVECTORS_IN_RAM -D__WinARM__ -Os -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -Wall -Wcast-align -Wimplicit -Wpointer-arith -Wswitch -Wredundant-decls -Wreturn-type -Wshadow -Wunused -Wa,-adhlns=Cstartup.lst -MD -MP -MF .dep/main.elf.d Cstartup.o swi_handler.o main.o --output main.elf -nostartfiles -Wl,-Map=main.map,--cref,--gc-sections -lc -lnewlib-lpc -lm -lc -lgcc -lstdc++ -TAT91SAM7X256-ROM.ld c:\program files\yagarto\bin\..\lib\gcc\arm-elf\4.1.1\..\..\..\..\arm-elf\bin\ld.ex e:AT91SAM7X256-ROM.ld:57: warning: memory region CODE not declared c:\program files\yagarto\bin\..\lib\gcc\arm-elf\4.1.1\..\..\..\..\arm-elf\bin\ld.ex e: cannot find -lnewlib-lpc collect2: ld returned 1 exit status make: *** [main.elf] Error 1 -f was unexpected at this time. make: *** [sizeafter] Error 255 Errors: none -------- end -------- ECHO is off. make: Target `all' not remade because of errors. Awaiting your response. Have a nice evening ahead. Regards Rajitha
> > Hi Thank you for your response. > > I chaged to shell = cmd > > and i have the make.exe from openocd and it is 3.81 . > > Now the program gives error something like this: > > Errors: > > ld:cannot file -lnewlib-lpc > make: *** [sizebefore] error255 > > Warning: > c:\program > files\yagarto\bin\..\lib\gcc\arm-elf\4.1.1\..\..\..\..\arm-elf\bin\ld.ex e:AT91SAM7X256-ROM.ld > warning: memory region CODE not declared test_c++ line 57 > 1175092730506 788 > > Console shows: > > make -k all > The system cannot find the path specified. > ECHO is off. I realy think that you have something wrong with your system path. do you type this from command prompt ? if not, try it. sometime you have some other output that can help you to find the path that dosen't work. regards Jonathan
>> ld:cannot file -lnewlib-lpc >> make: *** [sizebefore] error255 >> for the sizeof error, look in the make file, and remove the test to know if a file exists, the -f xxxx, i don't know why but it dosen't work anymore with shell = cmd. regards Jonathan
Jonathan Dumarjo wrote: >>> ld:cannot file -lnewlib-lpc >>> make: *** [sizebefore] error255 >>> > > for the sizeof error, look in the make file, and remove the test to know > if a file exists, the -f xxxx, i don't know why but it dosen't work > anymore with shell = cmd. > > regards > > Jonathan Hi I am very thankful to you for your help so far. I removed the -f xxx statements from makefile now there is no sizebefore error but still the path not found error is there and also some other errors are there. I am using the files from sample projects of WinARM page ie., on this page http://www.siwawi.arubi.uni-kl.de/avr_projects/arm_projects/index_at91.html#at91_cpp Do i need to change any linker scripts and assembler startup code . I am using the linker scripts of AT91SAM7S256 , but i have the AT91SAM7X256. I checked the path in the command prompt everything is correct and i also checked the path settings in the environment variables. Please check this errors. Errors: undefined reference to `__FIRST_IN_RAM' test_c++ Cstartup.S line 342 1175177613674 865 undefined reference to `AT91F_LowLevelInit' test_c++ Cstartup.S line 342 1175177613674 866 undefined reference to `SWI_Handler_User' test_c++ swi_handler.S line 148 1175177613674 867 Warnings: c:\program files\yagarto\bin\..\lib\gcc\arm-elf\4.1.1\..\..\..\..\arm-elf\bin\ld.ex e:AT91SAM7X256-ROM.ld warning: memory region CODE not declared test_c++ line 57 1175177613674 864 Console shows: make -k all The system cannot find the path specified. ECHO is off. "-------- begin (mode: ROM_RUN) --------" arm-elf-gcc (GCC) 4.1.1 Copyright (C) 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. ECHO is off. Linking: main.elf arm-elf-gcc -mthumb -mcpu=arm7tdmi -mthumb-interwork -I. -gdwarf-2 -DROM_RUN -DVECTORS_IN_RAM -D__WinARM__ -Os -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -Wall -Wcast-align -Wimplicit -Wpointer-arith -Wswitch -Wredundant-decls -Wreturn-type -Wshadow -Wunused -Wa,-adhlns=Cstartup.lst -MD -MP -MF .dep/main.elf.d Cstartup.o swi_handler.o main.o --output main.elf -nostartfiles -Wl,-Map=main.map,--cref,--gc-sections -lc -lc -lgcc -lstdc++ -TAT91SAM7X256-ROM.ld c:\program files\yagarto\bin\..\lib\gcc\arm-elf\4.1.1\..\..\..\..\arm-elf\bin\ld.ex e:AT91SAM7X256-ROM.ld:57: warning: memory region CODE not declared Cstartup.o: In function `exit': C:\EclipseWorkspace\test_c++/Cstartup.S:342: undefined reference to `__FIRST_IN_RAM' C:\EclipseWorkspace\test_c++/Cstartup.S:342: undefined reference to `AT91F_LowLevelInit' swi_handler.o: In function `EndofSWI': C:\EclipseWorkspace\test_c++/swi_handler.S:148: undefined reference to `SWI_Handler_User' collect2: ld returned 1 exit status make: *** [main.elf] Error 1 Errors: none -------- end -------- ECHO is off. make: Target `all' not remade because of errors. I am using this Yagarto Eclipse IDE for my thesis and right now i am stuck up here since two weeks , and the time is running off, i need to do programming only in c++ and i dont understand what to do at this stage. Awaiting your response. Reagards Rajitha
Jonathan Dumarjo wrote: >>> ld:cannot file -lnewlib-lpc >>> make: *** [sizebefore] error255 >>> > > for the sizeof error, look in the make file, and remove the test to know > if a file exists, the -f xxxx, i don't know why but it dosen't work > anymore with shell = cmd. > > regards > > Jonathan Hi Now i have the following errors. I think there is some problem with the Linker script memory regions and ld.exe . Please see this error: Errors: ld: internal error ../../binutils-2.17/ld/ldlang.c 4275 test_c++ line 0 1175180093750 880 Warnings: c:\program files\yagarto\bin\..\lib\gcc\arm-elf\4.1.1\..\..\..\..\arm-elf\bin\ld.ex e:AT91SAM7X256-ROM.ld warning: memory region CODE not declared test_c++ line 57 1175180093750 879 Console shows: make -k all The system cannot find the path specified. ECHO is off. "-------- begin (mode: ROM_RUN) --------" arm-elf-gcc (GCC) 4.1.1 Copyright (C) 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. ECHO is off. Linking: main.elf arm-elf-gcc -mthumb -mcpu=arm7tdmi -mthumb-interwork -I. -gdwarf-2 -DROM_RUN -DVECTORS_IN_RAM -D__WinARM__ -Os -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -Wall -Wcast-align -Wimplicit -Wpointer-arith -Wswitch -Wredundant-decls -Wreturn-type -Wshadow -Wunused -Wa,-adhlns=crt.lst -MD -MP -MF .dep/main.elf.d crt.o main.o --output main.elf -nostartfiles -Wl,-Map=main.map,--cref,--gc-sections -lc -lc -lgcc -lstdc++ -TAT91SAM7X256-ROM.ld c:\program files\yagarto\bin\..\lib\gcc\arm-elf\4.1.1\..\..\..\..\arm-elf\bin\ld.ex e:AT91SAM7X256-ROM.ld:57: warning: memory region CODE not declared c:\program files\yagarto\bin\..\lib\gcc\arm-elf\4.1.1\..\..\..\..\arm-elf\bin\ld.ex e: internal error ../../binutils-2.17/ld/ldlang.c 4275 collect2: ld returned 1 exit status make: *** [main.elf] Error 1 Errors: none -------- end -------- ECHO is off. make: Target `all' not remade because of errors. Please reply. Regards Rajitha
Hi, Ok have the sample compile here on my setup for a sam7x256. If you want it, send me an e-mail. I have not tested the program, i have just change the make file and add a ld script for the 7x256. jdumaresq @ cimeq.qc.ca regards Jonathan
Jonathan Dumarjo wrote: > Hi, > > Ok have the sample compile here on my setup for a sam7x256. If you want > it, send > me an e-mail. I have not tested the program, i have just change the make > file and add a ld script for the 7x256. > > jdumaresq @ cimeq.qc.ca > > regards > > Jonathan Hi I am thankful to you for your intime response. I like to have the makefiles and linker scripts with c++ support for AT91SAM7X256. I will be very thankful to you if you can provide me those. Is this your email address : jdumaresq @ cimeq.qc.ca I cant send any email to this adddress. It says invalid Have a nice day ahead. Regards Rajitha
> Hi > > I am thankful to you for your intime response. > > I like to have the makefiles and linker scripts with c++ support for > AT91SAM7X256. > > I will be very thankful to you if you can provide me those. > > Is this your email address : jdumaresq @ cimeq.qc.ca > > I cant send any email to this adddress. It says invalid > > Have a nice day ahead. > > Regards > Rajitha remove the space between @ :P Jonathan
Jonathan Dumaresq wrote: >> Hi >> >> I am thankful to you for your intime response. >> >> I like to have the makefiles and linker scripts with c++ support for >> AT91SAM7X256. >> >> I will be very thankful to you if you can provide me those. >> >> Is this your email address : jdumaresq @ cimeq.qc.ca >> >> I cant send any email to this adddress. It says invalid >> >> Have a nice day ahead. >> >> Regards >> Rajitha > > remove the space between @ :P > > Jonathan Hi The errors have been corrected now. Thank you Jonathan for your support to solve this problem . It was really a great help to me. The problem was with the makefile and liker file. In linker file we need to have memory region defined correctly for the specific target we are using for differenrent regions. There were some more errors and warnings like : atal error: opening dependency file .dep/Cstartup_SAM7.o.d: No such file or directory test_sam7x_c++/common Cstartup_SAM7.c line 86 1175273573862 1078 fatal error: opening dependency file .dep/dbgu.o.d: No such file or directory test_sam7x_c++ dbgu.c line 115 1175273573878 1081 fatal error: opening dependency file .dep/main.o.d: No such file or directory test_sam7x_c++ main.cpp line 233 1175273573878 1084 fatal error: opening dependency file .dep/swi_handler_user.o.d: No such file or directory test_sam7x_c++ swi_handler_user.c line 17 1175273573878 1083 fatal error: opening dependency file .dep/syscalls.o.d: No such file or directory test_sam7x_c++ syscalls.c line 159 1175273573878 1082 warning: implicit declaration of function 'siscanf' test_sam7x_c++ dbgu.c line 113 1175273573878 1079 warning: nested extern declaration of 'siscanf' test_sam7x_c++ dbgu.c line 113 1175273573878 1080 Then i created a dep directory in the location where i strore my program in the eclipse workspace C:\EclipseWorkspace\test_sam7x_c++\dep and changed the line in makefile GENDEPFLAGS = -MD -MP -MF .dep/$(@F).d for GENDEPFLAGS = -MD -MP -MF dep/$(@F).d For the warning : There was missing declaration for that function in dgu.c So i declared that function sisscanf , actually it was commented before so i removed the comment. Now everything works fine. One more i like to suggest is building from command prompt is always a good idea when we have errors as we can see more errors as suggested by my friend Jonathan as well. I got one more error when was coipling using simple c++ programs after buiding the project like ld: internal error ../../binutils-2.17/ld/ldlang.c 4275 test_c++ line 0 1175273524248 1077 But when i declared a constructor for a class then it got rectified. I dont know many things about these files i am very new to arm microcontroller programming but hope this message helps someone like me. Regards Rajitha
> Hi > > The errors have been corrected now. > > Thank you Jonathan for your support to solve this problem . It was > really a great help to me. > > > I dont know many things about these files i am very new to arm > microcontroller programming but hope this message helps someone like me. > > Regards > Rajitha Good luck with your project now ! Jonathan
hello: error from ldlang.c line 4275 is a known issue and has been fixed in the latest binutils. GNUARM 4.1.1 has this error. Pablo Bleyer Kocik has been informed. pls see Sourceware BugZilla bug reports for 6726 and 6727 for updates on the issue. a detailed summary is provided below. Flying Arm wrote: > I think there is some problem with the Linker script memory regions and > ld.exe . > > Please see this error: > > Errors: > > ld: internal error ../../binutils-2.17/ld/ldlang.c 4275 test_c++ > line 0 1175180093750 880 i have found 2 problems with the current GNUARM distribution, which Nick Clifton has said are due to errors in binutils that have already been fixed in the latest version. 2 bugs have been filed with GCC and reports have been filed with Comp.Arch.Embedded and Mikrocontroller.net Forum. the problem was reproduced using simple, sample code and details have been added into the Sourceware BugZilla bug reports. the information below is for your reference. kindly let me know if you need any more information. pls see these links for more information: - GCC Bugzilla Bug 6726 http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6726 - GCC Bugzilla Bug 6727 http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6727 - Mikrocontroller.net Forum http://en.mikrocontroller.net/topic/158791#699646 - Comp.Arch.Embedded http://www.embeddedrelated.com/usenet/embedded/show/96927-1.php GLOBAL CONDITIONS if: - you enable --gc-sections - you enable Thumb Interworking PROBLEM 1 - if you do not define program entry point: you get the ldlang.c 4275 error SOLUTION 1 - simply define entry point _start or whatever using --entry if required PROBLEM - you position another section using --section-start before .text using -Ttext: you get ZERO interworking code SOLUTION - position .data/other section AFTER .text. place -Ttext before --section-start or -Tdata. i hope that this is helpful to you. Aaron -- {tel: +91-20-6526-7076; cell: +91-9970-591-079; fax: +1-800-450-5419}
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