I'm using an AT91SAM7A3 to control (among other things) a User Interface that has a number of different text strings, fonts, a few graphics, etc. I believe these are currently being stored in RAM, and although I still have about 10K of RAM left, I'd like to be able to store these in flash to free up some extra room just incase. I have a whole lot of things like: static const char s_szConstRemainingText[] = "Remaining Time %dm"; My question is, where are 'static const' stored and used in the lnker script? .text? .data? .bss? Would I be able to add the __attribute tag to all of these to make them stored in a specific place that would put them in Flash, and which tag would I need to use? Thanks for any help!
I wish I new how to edit posts, so sorry for the double post. Anywho, I somehow missed "*(.rodata) /* read-only data (constants) */" So I'm assuming a static const would be stored in .rodata, which I believe is stored in the ROM. Suppose I didn't have a static const though, which attribute tag would I want to use to store stuff in flash?
I was going through the .map file when I ran along the following:
.bss 0x00202ca0 0xbbc .out/BaoUserInterfaceMgr.o
0x00202cb8
BaoUserInterfaceMgr::m_nRefreshDisplayTimerHandle
0x00202ca8
BaoUserInterfaceMgr::m_nCurrentPage
0x00202ca4
BaoUserInterfaceMgr::m_nDisplayHeight
0x00202d05
BaoUserInterfaceMgr::m_nLineBlinkState
0x00202cc4
BaoUserInterfaceMgr::m_szResourcesRemaining
0x00202ce4
BaoUserInterfaceMgr::m_szFuelCellState
0x00202cb0
BaoUserInterfaceMgr::m_nPrevButtonState
0x00202d0e
BaoUserInterfaceMgr::m_nInverseBlinkTimerID
0x00202ca0
BaoUserInterfaceMgr::m_nDisplayWidth
0x00202cac
BaoUserInterfaceMgr::m_nNumPages
0x00202cbc
BaoUserInterfaceMgr::m_nFuelRemaining
0x00202cb4
BaoUserInterfaceMgr::m_pButtonMgr
0x00202d04
BaoUserInterfaceMgr::m_bDebugMode
0x00202d10
BaoUserInterfaceMgr::m_nFuelDisplayState
0x00202da7 gs_index
0x00202d11
BaoUserInterfaceMgr::m_nErrorDisplayState
0x00202d93 gs_string
0x00202cc0
BaoUserInterfaceMgr::m_nBatteryRemaining
0x00202d13
BaoUserInterfaceMgr::m_pszCurrentErrors
0x00202d12
BaoUserInterfaceMgr::m_nNumberOfErrors
.bss 0x0020385c 0x30 .out/LCD.o
0x0020385c LCD::s_nBacklight
0x0020386c LCD::s_writeCCb
0x00203860 LCD::s_nWidth
0x0020385e LCD::s_nContrast
0x00203874 LCD::s_init
0x00203864 LCD::s_lines
0x00203862 LCD::s_freezeOn
0x00203868 LCD::s_nNumLines
0x00203870 LCD::s_displaySetupCCb
0x00203861 LCD::s_blinkOn
Between the BaoUserInterfaceMgr variables and the LCD variables is a gap
of 0xB49, almost 3k of space. Does anyone know what might cause
something like this and how to fix it?
Jim Kaz wrote: > I was going through the .map file when I ran along the following: > > .bss 0x00202ca0 0xbbc .out/BaoUserInterfaceMgr.o So later I realized that the 0xbbc here was saying its total size, which explains for the extra space missing. Why its taking up this space if all the functions are declared in the .text and are taking up an equal amount of space there, I dunno... But on to the next question.. .text 0x00005588 0x60 .out/InterruptServicer.o 0x000055b8 InterruptServicer::Interrupt_ID_SYS() 0x00005588 InterruptServicer::Interrupt_ID_US0() Interrupt_ID_SYS and US0 are both interrupts (as the name might suggest) declared in a fashion similar too AT91F_AIC_ConfigureIt(AT91C_BASE_AIC, AT91C_ID_SYS, INTERRUPT_PRIORITY_SEVEN, AT91C_AIC_SRCTYPE_INT_HIGH_LEVEL, InterruptServicer::Interrupt_ID_SYS); In the make file I have the following lines: RUN_MODE=ROM_RUN VECTOR_LOCATION=VECTORS_RAM CDEFS += -D$(RUN_MODE) -D$(VECTOR_LOCATION) Soooooooo shouldn't those interrupts be declared in a RAM section, and not the flash? My apologies for the vast amounts of posts I'm making to myself, but I'm just kinda of posting as I need to know stuff, just so I don't forget to post it all later, heh.
>Suppose I didn't have a static const >though, which attribute tag would I want to use to store stuff in flash? Probably an variable-attribute "section" (see gcc-manual variable attributes). And place this section inside the linker-script. I have not tried this for variables but use the section attribute for functions quite often (i.e. for "RAM-functions"). > In the make file I have the following lines: > RUN_MODE=ROM_RUN > VECTOR_LOCATION=VECTORS_RAM > CDEFS += -D$(RUN_MODE) -D$(VECTOR_LOCATION) The definitions are just "text" (better: expand to macro defintions). I use these in my WinARM example-template but even if you pass the defintions to the compiler-frontend (CDEFS) this does not guarantee that this fill functions as expected the linker-script and the source-code have to take the defintions into account. My intention with this defines is to control the placement of the ARM exceptions-vectors not the Interrupt-Handlers to which they point to. If you'd like to place the ISRs in RAM too: add a section attribute (this time a "function attribute) and assign the section. Some of my examples demonstrate this (look for the RAMFUNC or FASTRUN define). Hope this helps, Martin Thomas
Martin Thomas wrote: > Hope this helps, > Martin Thomas Yup! Thanks Martin.
Martin Thomas wrote: > The definitions are just "text" (better: expand to macro defintions). I > use these in my WinARM example-template but even if you pass the > defintions to the compiler-frontend (CDEFS) this does not guarantee that > this fill functions as expected the linker-script and the source-code > have to take the defintions into account. My intention with this defines > is to control the placement of the ARM exceptions-vectors not the > Interrupt-Handlers to which they point to. If you'd like to place the > ISRs in RAM too: add a section attribute (this time a "function > attribute) and assign the section. Some of my examples demonstrate this > (look for the RAMFUNC or FASTRUN define). > > Hope this helps, > Martin Thomas I finally got the time to go investigate your RAMFUNC and FASTRUN macros. I was able to get them copied over to and running in my project and it works like a charm. Thanks!
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